fiogf49gjkf0d GENOA
(
Genova
in Italian) is "the most winding, incoherent of cities, the most entangled topographical ravel in the world." So said Henry James, and the city is still marvellously eclectic, full of pace and rough-edged style. Sprawled behind the huge port - Italy's largest and an increasingly popular stopoff for international cruise liners - is a dense and fascinating warren of medieval alleyways, a district which has more zest than all the coastal resorts put together.
Genoa made its money at sea, through trade, colonial exploitation and piracy. By the thirteenth century, on the heels of a major role in the
Crusades
, the Genoese were roaming the Mediterranean, bringing back ideas as well as goods: the city's architects were using Arab pointed arches a century before the rest of Italy. The San Giorgio banking syndicate effectively controlled the city for much of the fifteenth century, and cold-shouldered
Columbus
(who had grown up in Genoa) when he sought funding for his voyages of exploration. With Spanish backing, he opened up new Atlantic trade routes which ironically reduced
Genova La Superba
("the proud") to a backwater. Following foreign invasion, in 1768 the Banco di San Giorgio was forced to sell the Genoese colony of Corsica to the French, and a century later, the city became a hotbed of radicalism:
Mazzini
, one of the main protagonists of the Risorgimento, was born here, and in 1860
Garibaldi
set sail for Sicily with his "Thousand" from the city's harbour. Around the same time, Italy's industrial revolution began in Genoa, with steelworks and shipyards spreading along the coast. These suffered heavy
bombing
in World War II, and the subsequent economic decline hobbled Genoa for decades.
Things started to look up in the 1990s. State funding to celebrate the 500th anniversary of Columbus's 1492 voyage paid to renovate some of the city's late-Renaissance palaces and the old port area, with Genoa's most famous son of modern times,
Renzo Piano
(best known as the co-designer of Paris's Pompidou Centre), taking a leading role. The city was the focus of world attention for the G8 summit in July 2001 (
www.genoa-g8.it
), an event which marked a L90 billion programme to prepare for a well-earned role as
European Capital of Culture
in 2004.
The tidying-up hasn't sanitized the
old town
, however; the core of the city, between the two stations and the waterfront, is still dark and slightly threatening. But despite the sleaze, the overriding impression is of a buzzing hive of activity - food shops nestled in the portals of former palaces, carpenters' workshops sandwiched between designer furniture outlets, everything surrounded by a crush of people and the squashed vowels of the impenetrable Genoese dialect that has, over the centuries, absorbed elements of Neapolitan, Calabrese and Portuguese. Aside from the cosmopolitan street-life, you should seek out the
Cattedrale di San Lorenzo
with its fabulous treasury, small medieval churches such as
San Donato
and
Santa Maria di Castello
, and the Renaissance
palazzi
that contain Genoa's
art
collections and furniture and decor from the grandest days of the city's illustrious past.
Other useful information
for tourists (each section contains more specific sub-sections):
|